Areal distribution of monthly mean air temperatures in Fennoscandia (1921-1950)

Abstract

Mean temperature maps and corresponding station values for each month of the year are presented. Mean temperatures are reduced to sea level, to rural conditions, to conditions with no lake influence, to conditions prevailing at low‑lying sites and to conditions under which local factors and errors cause the minimum complication. Mean temperatures representative of their geographical location can be calculated by making the following corrections to the above mean temperatures: the altitude correction, the lake influence correction, the urban effect correction and the correction due to the effect of local topographical factors. Local topographical factors cause great temperature differences, especially in winter. In January mean temperatures on the slopes and hilltops in mountainous areas may be as much as 4–5° higher than at the very lowest sites in the terrain. The local effect correction is only tentative.