Fennia - International Journal of Geography
type: channel
description: Fennia is a non-profit peer-review journal published by the Geographical Society of Finland since 1889. It is an international scientific publication dedicated to all fields of geography with attentiveness to northern dimensions. In 2010, Fennia became an open access electronic journal with two yearly issues. It is devoted to a fast publication process, including the open access publication of forthcoming papers before inclusion in an issue. The journal has no submission or article processing charges, and authors retain all rights to their work throughout the publication process and after publication. We appreciate that authors clearly bring up that the text has been originally published in Fennia. We also offer the opportunity to publish short, popularized texts based on research articles through the Versus platform that aims to make research more visible, dialogical and effective in societies. Fennia publishes papers of high scholarly merit in three categories: Research Papers, Reviews and Essays, and Reflections. Research Papers are original full-length articles that make a significant contribution to geographic and related research. Reviews and Essays introduce empirical, theoretical or methodological insights from ongoing research, including dialogical literature reviews. Reflections section includes commentaries, debates, discussion pieces, interventions, lectio praecursoria, and other argumentative short texts related to contemporary issues, including commentaries to our published articles stemming from open review process. With these three publication formats, Fennia seeks to take forward geographical research and discussion in a critical and responsible spirit. In addition to individual contributions, the journal welcomes proposals for special issues and sections. The fully open access Fennia publications are under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY 4.0). The journal is member of the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE) and …
publisher: Geographical Society of Finland
language: en
publication name: Fennia - International Journal of Geography
issn: 1798-5617
copyright: Authors who publish with Fennia agree to the following terms: Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal. The license of the published metadata is Creative Commons CC0 1.0 Universal (CC0 1.0). Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a doctoral dissertation or book compilation), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal. Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).
items: Networks of European cities in worlds of global economic and environmental change
items: Tourism’s role in rural development of Finnish Lapland: interpreting national and regional strategy documents
items: Emotional links to forest ownership. Restitution of land and use of a productive resource in Põlva County, Estonia
items: Spatial characteristics of the transports in the paper mill’s supply chain
items: Lessons from Fray Bentos: forest industry, overseas investments and discursive regulation
items: The benefits and constraints of participation in forest management. The case of Taita Hills, Kenya
items: Participatory mapping and geographical patterns of the social landscape values of rural communities in Zanzibar, Tanzania
items: Exploring environmental knowledge: the construction and conservation of agricultural biodiversity in Ghana
items: Comparison of forest stand characteristics and species diversity indices under different human impacts along an altitudinal gradient
items: Land use rights and gender in Ovamboland, North- Central Namibia, since the 1930s
items: Preface: Development Geography
items: Deconcentration versus spatial clustering: changing population distribution in the Turku urban region, 1980–2005
items: Adaptation of Finnish cross-country skiers to climate change
items: Grazing history affects the tree-line ecotone: a case study from Hardanger, Western Norway
items: Editorial: the last printed issue
items: Preface
items: Importance of mountain height and latitude for the altitudinal distribution limits of vascular plants in Scandinavia: are the mountains high enough?
items: Changes in river runoff in Latvia at the end of the 21st century
items: Oil product tanker geography with emphasis on the Handysize segment
items: Humboldt, Granö and Geo-poetics of the Altai
items: Mind maps of employment development in Swedish sparse regions
items: Geographical persistence of surface-layer water properties in the Archipelago Sea, SW Finland
items: Mapping the forbidden
items: Resorts, second home owners and distance: a case study in northern Finland
items: Restructuring and risk-reduction in mining: employment implications for northern Sweden
items: Two fires and two landscapes - a tale of two cities
items: Temporary geographies of the city: the experienced spaces of asylum seekers in the City of Turku, Finland
items: Indigenous Toponyms as Pedagogical Tools: Reflections from Research with Tl’azt’en Nation, British Columbia
items: Theoretical reflection on the making of the Alpine region. The role of transnational networks on regional identity and institutionalization.
items: Making sense of place: exploring creative and (inter)active research methods with young people

Networks of European cities in worlds of global economic and environmental change
type: item
description: <!--[if gte mso 10]> <mce:style><! /* Style Definitions */ table.MsoNormalTable {mso-style-name:"Table Normal"; mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0; mso-tstyle-colband-size:0; mso-style-noshow:yes; mso-style-priority:99; mso-style-qformat:yes; mso-style-parent:""; mso-padding-alt:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; mso-para-margin-top:0cm; mso-para-margin-right:0cm; mso-para-margin-bottom:10.0pt; mso-para-margin-left:0cm; line-height:115%; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-size:11.0pt; font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;} --> Geographers have a long tradition of classifying cities using a number of criteria. Population size, industrial production, capital city functions, airline connections, sites of sporting events and major headquarters and banks are among them. While these studies are useful in looking at cities in an economy and population at a given point of time, they are less useful in assessing rapidly occurring changes within a regional or global system. Our research represents a new approach to classify cities and urban systems; we use the volume and networks/linkages or flows associated with electronic Information or “Knowledge worlds.” We argue that in order to understand more about cities and their relative positions within the current globalized Information World, we need to study not only tangible informational infrastructures and their associated material flows between places, but also the cyberspaces of cities in relation to digital information. We illustrate our approach by demonstrating a means of ranking European cities in respect of two topical current events global in their scope: the global financial crisis and the global climate change. We conclude by outlining an agenda for further work on hyperlink-based informational city rankings.
subject: Research Papers
  topic: section
subject: web information
  topic: keywords
subject: google
  topic: keywords
subject: climate change
  topic: keywords
subject: financial crisis
  topic: keywords
subject: european cities
  topic: keywords
subject: Urban Geography
  topic: disciplines
subject: Information Geography
  topic: disciplines
creator: Stanley D Brunn
creator: Lomme Devriendt
creator: Andrew Boulton
creator: Ben Derudder
creator: Frank Witlox
rights: Copyright (c) 2014 Fennia - International Journal of Geography
date: 2010-11-11
publication date: 2010-11-11
starting page: 37
ending page: 49

Tourism’s role in rural development of Finnish Lapland: interpreting national and regional strategy documents
type: item
description: -
subject: Research Papers
  topic: section
subject:
  topic: subjects
subject:
  topic: disciplines
creator: Maria Hakkarainen
creator: Seija Tuulentie
rights: Copyright (c) 2014 Fennia - International Journal of Geography
date: 2008-01-01
publication date: 2008-01-01
starting page: 3
ending page: 13

Emotional links to forest ownership. Restitution of land and use of a productive resource in Põlva County, Estonia
type: item
description: Our survey among new land and forest owners in Põlva County in southeast Estonia focuses on the owners’ different motives for obtaining land and forest property through restitution and privatization from 1992 on. In the light of the historical context presented, two clear-cut motives for obtaining property appear: emotional and economic. Based on the results from the survey we conclude that the emotional non-economic factors have been most influential for a majority of the landowners, regardless of if the actual property was restituted or purchased. The emotional bonds to landed property are related to the aspiration to regain and repossess family property and thereby related to a certain place affiliation. Another interpretation concerns the restrictions with regards to the spread of modern commercial forestry among the – foremost small-scale – property holders for which the actual possession is around 12 ha each.
subject: Research Papers
  topic: section
subject:
  topic: subjects
subject:
  topic: disciplines
creator: Hans Jörgensen
creator: Olof Stjernström
rights: Copyright (c) 2014 Fennia - International Journal of Geography
date: 2008-02-01
publication date: 2008-02-01
starting page: 95
ending page: 111

Spatial characteristics of the transports in the paper mill’s supply chain
type: item
description: This paper examines the impacts of transportation costs to the supply chain management of the Nordic paper industry from a transport geographic view point. The discussion is illustrated by complete cost management accounting data from one paper mill. The main research questions are: What are the transportation costs and how have they developed during the study period concerning the exports to the market? How have the supply chain costs developed? Do order size and transportation costs have any causality in cost per unit of paper? So far, the transportation costs concerning Finnish paper mills have been examined rather scantly. We perceive that transportation costs together with sales costs have crucial effects on the mill profits. The costs rise due to the spatial heterogeneity of the European market. In paper industry, the freight transportation costs have not decreased as in many other industries. The transaction of a small customer order can cost more than twice as much as a large one to the same export markets. In addition, the productivity of aged paper machines has not improved as expected, while the paper sales prices have decreased due to the continuous oversupply. In some geographical ranges, the location planning of paper industry may transform towards local production units near the market.
subject: Research Papers
  topic: section
subject:
  topic: subjects
subject:
  topic: disciplines
creator: Esa Hämäläinen
creator: Ulla Tapaninen
rights: Copyright (c) 2014 Fennia - International Journal of Geography
date: 2008-02-01
publication date: 2008-02-01
starting page: 83
ending page: 93

Lessons from Fray Bentos: forest industry, overseas investments and discursive regulation
type: item
description: Globalisation in the forest industry has its own particular characteristics which are due to a high degree of capital intensity and limits in raw material supply. Investments in new capacities are expensive and the rate of forest regeneration is slow in the traditional resource areas in the conifer dominated forests of the global North. The supply problem has lead forest companies to establish tree plantations and pulp mills in the temperate and tropical zones. This has largely modified global forest-industrial relations. I examine here how and why the establishment of the Fray Bentos pulp mill in Uruguay by a Finnish company, Metsä-Botnia, turned into an international conflict. I also show how the political reactions to the mill planning in fact relied on and further developed the international mechanisms of forest-industrial regulation. The partners of the mill project were forced to prove that the fears expressed by critical parties would not come true. The article ends with some suggestions to improve social sensitivity of forest-industrial projects by studying more systematically the dependencies between the forest industry and the environing society.
subject: Research Papers
  topic: section
subject:
  topic: subjects
subject:
  topic: disciplines
creator: Ari Aukusti Lehtinen
rights: Copyright (c) 2014 Fennia - International Journal of Geography
date: 2008-02-01
publication date: 2008-02-01
starting page: 69
ending page: 82

The benefits and constraints of participation in forest management. The case of Taita Hills, Kenya
type: item
description: Although they accommodate a wide variety of endemic flora and fauna, the indigenous mountain rain forests of East Africa are being depleted. Some patches remain in Taita Hills of Kenya and benefit from their management as forest reserves, with limited access to local communities, by the Kenyan government. Recently, through the Forest Act 2005, the government began to grant user rights to forest adjacent dwellers through participatory forest management initiatives. We conducted this study in February 2007 among groups engaged in forest-related activities and living near the Ngangao, Mbololo, Mwambirwa and Chawia forest reserves in order to offer insights into local people’s perceptions about benefits and constraints of participation in forest management during the transformation of the forest policy. Our respondents considered efforts to conserve forests for ecological services, namely water catchment and biodiversity maintenance important. Sustainable future use of forest products, especially firewood and medicinal plants were emphasized. However, shortcomings, such as inadequate access to updated information about management practices and legal rights, hampered participation. The respondents viewed this as working without proper tools, which, they stated, may gradually lead to unsuccessful conservation efforts, and felt that the government still prohibits full community participation.
subject: Research Papers
  topic: section
subject:
  topic: subjects
subject:
  topic: disciplines
creator: Nina Himberg
creator: Loice Omoro
creator: Petri Pellikka
creator: Olavi Luukkanen
rights: Copyright (c) 2014 Fennia - International Journal of Geography
date: 2009-01-01
publication date: 2009-01-01
starting page: 61
ending page: 76

Participatory mapping and geographical patterns of the social landscape values of rural communities in Zanzibar, Tanzania
type: item
description: People attach commonly approved social values subjectively to landscape. These values vary spatially and can be studied in geographical context. In sustainable management of cultural landscapes, social values should be taken into account as professionally as the analysis of physical landscape features. This case study applies participatory and GIS techniques in the mapping and geographical analysis of social landscape values in a multifunctional cultural landscape in Zanzibar island, Tanzania. Social landscape data were collected with single-informant interviews using participatory GIS (PGIS) techniques. Four different social landscape values (subsistence, traditional, aesthetic and leisure) were mapped on an orthophotoimage individually by 149 informants. Data were spatially and statistically analysed to construct understanding of the community level patterns of the social landscape values. Results show geographical differences between individually and collectively held values in their distribution and clustering across the landscape. These patterns reflect local culture and its interpretation of different social landscape values. Results address the importance of local stakeholder participation when spatial planning and management of multifunctional cultural landscapes are realized. The paper discusses these management implication and methodological challenges of using participatory GIS techniques in studying cultural landscapes.
subject: Research Papers
  topic: section
subject:
  topic: subjects
subject:
  topic: disciplines
creator: Nora Fagerholm
creator: Niina Käyhkö
rights: Copyright (c) 2014 Fennia - International Journal of Geography
date: 2009-01-01
publication date: 2009-01-01
starting page: 43
ending page: 60

Exploring environmental knowledge: the construction and conservation of agricultural biodiversity in Ghana
type: item
description: This paper explores the idea of environmental knowledge by focusing on the social construction of agricultural biodiversity. The fieldwork was conducted in 2003–2004 in Ghana. The research methodology consisted of interviewing and focus group discussions. The respondents varied from researchers and government officials to members of women’s farming groups who cultivate rice. This paper argues that by understanding how agricultural biodiversity is constructed it is possible to highlight different ways of understanding the environment by different actors. The paper begins with an overview of the emergence of agricultural biodiversity as a global environmental issue. With this background in mind, this paper examines the different ways of construction and conservation of Oryza glaberrima, the indigenous rice variety of Ghana. Three different discursive positions, ranging from scientific to local knowledge, are identified. The Agric, Diversity and Local discourse frame and categorise rice and other crop varieties in a different manner. The categories identified reflect the visible characteristics of the varieties and their social meanings, related to their use or function in the wider social context. These different categories are corresponding and conflicting, as well as inclusive and exclusive, and have become institutionalised into social rules, norms and practices, which further establish the efforts to conserve O. glaberrima.
subject: Research Papers
  topic: section
subject:
  topic: subjects
subject:
  topic: disciplines
creator: Sirkku Juhola
rights: Copyright (c) 2014 Fennia - International Journal of Geography
date: 2009-01-01
publication date: 2009-01-01
starting page: 31
ending page: 41

Comparison of forest stand characteristics and species diversity indices under different human impacts along an altitudinal gradient
type: item
description: Various disturbances and ecological successional processes shape the structure of forests and affect biodiversity. We examined the forests over a 7400 km2 area in the Upper Min River watershed in Sichuan under different levels of human disturbance. This mountainous watershed represents a transitional landscape between the Qinghai-Tibet plateau and the Sichuan basin, with elevations ranging from 900 m to 5700 m. The watershed is degraded due to deforestation and soil degradation caused by natural and anthropogenic disturbances. According to different levels of human impact, the sample sites were divided into four classes: 1) near-natural forests, 2) selectively logged forests, 3) natural regeneration forests (after clear-cut), and 4) plantations. At different elevations, following quantitative characteristics were analysed: stand volume, basal area, weighted diameter, weighted height, and 7 biodiversity indices of tree species. The results showed that the structure of forest stands was characterized by a large number of seedlings and saplings. The near-natural forest had a significantly higher stand volume and basal area than the other managed stands. The four levels of human impact resulted in different abundance, evenness and richness of tree species along the altitudinal gradient. Explanatory variables, such as volume and weighted diameter, significantly contributed to the models for discrimination of stands under different human impacts. The result implies that near-natural forests, with their large stand volumes and biodiversity, can be used as references when developing strategies for forest restoration.
subject: Research Papers
  topic: section
subject:
  topic: subjects
subject:
  topic: disciplines
creator: Ping Zhou
creator: Olavi Luukkanen
creator: Timo Tokola
creator: Minna Hares
rights: Copyright (c) 2014 Fennia - International Journal of Geography
date: 2009-01-01
publication date: 2009-01-01
starting page: 17
ending page: 30

Land use rights and gender in Ovamboland, North- Central Namibia, since the 1930s
type: item
description: In agrarian economies arable land is the most important form of property and productive resource, so that access to land defines the political and social status of a member of society. This paper examines changes in property and particularly land use rights in North-Central Namibia, paying special reference to gender inequality in access to land. The problem is approached by exploring the coping strategies of widowed and divorced persons after the dissolution of their marriage. Where property rights and gender inequality have traditionally been investigated on the basis of administrative records, survey data or oral information, this paper approaches such problems from a new perspective, through life histories of the Christian population transcribed from parish registers of the Evangelical Lutheran Church in Namibia. Linking of the parish register data to anthropological, ethnographic, socio-economic and cultural information markedly widens our scope for discussing rights over communal lands. The paper shows that remarriage was a real solution for many widows and divorced women in the 1930s and 1940s if they were at the best childbearing age. A dramatic decrease in the remarriage rate occurred from the mid-1950s onwards, however, which was related to socio-economic changes in society.
subject: Research Papers
  topic: section
subject:
  topic: subjects
subject:
  topic: disciplines
creator: Harri Siiskonen
rights: Copyright (c) 2014 Fennia - International Journal of Geography
date: 2009-01-01
publication date: 2009-01-01
starting page: 5
ending page: 15

Preface: Development Geography
type: item
description: -
subject: Editorials
  topic: section
subject:
  topic: subjects
subject:
  topic: disciplines
creator: Niina Käyhkö
creator: Sanna Mäki
rights: Copyright (c) 2014 Fennia - International Journal of Geography
date: 2009-01-01
publication date: 2009-01-01
starting page: 2
ending page: 4

Deconcentration versus spatial clustering: changing population distribution in the Turku urban region, 1980–2005
type: item
description: Many urban regions in developed countries have experienced major changes during the past few decades. The deconcentration trend of urban regions has been accompanied with new processes where traditional monocentric cities have been replaced by increasingly polycentric urban constellations. This study seeks to present evidence on how Finnish urban regions have developed in recent decades using the Turku urban region as an example. The results show that the Turku urban region has indeed become more polycentric when population distribution is considered. Global socio-demographic trends, the housing careers of young families and municipal planning policies were found to affect the changing population distribution. The paper is concluded by highlighting the importance of scale in the development of Finnish urban regions. The fundamental factor in urban regional dynamics seems to be a conflict in scale, in which demographic processes influence the urban spatial structure on the regional scale whereas planning practices have predominantly effects on the municipal scale.
subject: Research Papers
  topic: section
subject:
  topic: subjects
subject:
  topic: disciplines
creator: Antti Vasanen
rights: Copyright (c) 2014 Fennia - International Journal of Geography
date: 2009-02-01
publication date: 2009-02-01
starting page: 115
ending page: 127

Adaptation of Finnish cross-country skiers to climate change
type: item
description: Cross-country skiing has a long history in Finland, and it is a part of the national identity of Finns. This study on cross-country skiers’ adaptation to changing climate describes groups of cross-country skiers with reference to their motives for skiing, and their perceptions and preferences on climate change adaptation tools. The data was collected by means of a web questionnaire contacting skiers in ski areas, mainly in southern Finland, and on the websites of ski associations. On the basis of a cluster analysis, we found three groups of skier types, each of which has different perceptions of means for adapting their skiing behaviour to the decreasing skiing opportunities close to home. One group of skiers, the ‘social type’ group, placed emphasis on skiing traditions and social reasons. This group is the most liable to give up skiing if the skiing conditions close to home are poor. The ‘outdoor type’ group, whose skiing motives were related to skiing environment qualities (nature, landscape, winter) and the ‘technical type’ group motivated by fitness objectives, were interested in behavioural adaptation, for example, travelling further away and using artificial snow tracks. With a better understanding of skiers’ behaviour, it is possible to identify adaptation strategies that can help providers of skiing services, such as municipal agencies and the ski tourism industry, as well as skiers themselves, to prepare for climate change.
subject: Research Papers
  topic: section
subject:
  topic: subjects
subject:
  topic: disciplines
creator: Mia Landauer
creator: Tuija Sievänen
creator: Marjo Neuvonen
rights: Copyright (c) 2014 Fennia - International Journal of Geography
date: 2009-02-01
publication date: 2009-02-01
starting page: 99
ending page: 113

Grazing history affects the tree-line ecotone: a case study from Hardanger, Western Norway
type: item
description: Expansion of subalpine forests and upslope shift of tree-lines are expected in temperate and boreal mountain ecosystems due to global climate change. On a local scale, climatic forces are modified by a number of controlling factors. Site history is of central interest because it impacts on the importance of air and soil temperature vs. other factors. In many mountain areas, the grazing record is an important part of the site history. This study compares the tree and ground cover of two localities having different grazing histories in the tree-line ecotone of Western Norway. Data from the sampling of trees, saplings, seedlings and ground cover, tree age determinations, aerial photographs, interviews and literature research are used. The results show differences in the structure of the tree-line ecotone with regard to tree age, height, circumference and the structure of the understory. Ground cover differs in species composition, mainly with regard to light preferences. Together, the differences stress the importance of site history consideration in order to understand changes in the tree-line ecotone, because dissimilar site histories may create differing local responses to future global and regional climatic changes.
subject: Research Papers
  topic: section
subject:
  topic: subjects
subject:
  topic: disciplines
creator: Kerstin Potthoff
rights: Copyright (c) 2014 Fennia - International Journal of Geography
date: 2009-02-01
publication date: 2009-02-01
starting page: 81
ending page: 98

Editorial: the last printed issue
type: item
description: -
subject: Editorials
  topic: section
subject:
  topic: subjects
subject:
  topic: disciplines
creator: Jukka Käyhkö
rights: Copyright (c) 2014 Fennia - International Journal of Geography
date: 2009-02-01
publication date: 2009-02-01
starting page: 77
ending page: 79

Preface
type: item
description: -
subject: Editorials
  topic: section
subject:
  topic: subjects
subject:
  topic: disciplines
creator: Helka Moilanen
creator: Paulina Nordström
creator: Jukka Käyhkö
rights: Copyright (c) 2014 Fennia - International Journal of Geography
date: 2010-11-11
publication date: 2010-11-11
starting page: 1
ending page: 2

Importance of mountain height and latitude for the altitudinal distribution limits of vascular plants in Scandinavia: are the mountains high enough?
type: item
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subject: Research Papers
  topic: section
subject: Scandinavia
  topic: keywords
subject: distribution limit
  topic: keywords
subject: forest limit
  topic: keywords
subject: mountain summits
  topic: keywords
subject: climatic change
  topic: keywords
subject: Botany
  topic: disciplines
subject: Geography
  topic: disciplines
creator: Arvid Odland
rights: Copyright (c) 2014 Fennia - International Journal of Geography
date: 2010-11-25
publication date: 2010-11-25
starting page: 149
ending page: 162

Changes in river runoff in Latvia at the end of the 21st century
type: item
description: This study deals with future climate change impacts on the runoff of five Latvian river basins at the end of this century. Climate data series have been provided by the Faculty of Physics and Mathematics of the University of Latvia where the regional climate model Rossby Centre Atmosphere Ocean was selected for further statistical downscaling. Changes in hydrometeorological data have been analysed based upon one control run (period 1961-1990) and two future scenarios A2 and B2 runs (2071-2100). The conceptual rainfall-runoff model, the latest version of METQ2007BDOPT, was used for simulation of hydrological processes in particular river basins. Simulation results revealed that in comparison to the control period, major differences in hydrometeorological parameters in future were observed according to A2 scenario, where long-term mean air temperature will grow by 4 degrees and precipitation – by 12 %, while mean annual river flow will decrease by 19 %. Both scenarios demonstrate changes in seasonal runoff patterns where the major part of river runoff will be generated in winter, followed by spring, autumn and summer. The river hydrograph is going to take a different shape, where the maximum river discharges will occur in winter instead of spring.
subject: Research Papers
  topic: section
subject: river runoff
  topic: keywords
subject: climate change
  topic: keywords
subject: scenario
  topic: keywords
subject: rainfall-runoff model
  topic: keywords
subject: Latvia
  topic: keywords
subject: Physical Geography
  topic: disciplines
creator: Elga Apsite
creator: Anda Bakute
creator: Liga Kurpniece
creator: Inese Pallo
rights: Copyright (c) 2014 Fennia - International Journal of Geography
date: 2010-11-11
publication date: 2010-11-11
starting page: 50
ending page: 60

Oil product tanker geography with emphasis on the Handysize segment
type: item
description: Novel movement data are used to chart worldwide mineral oil product shipments by Handysize (15,000–59,999 dwt) and larger (60,000+ dwt) tankers. The data are from 2004 which allows comparisons with earlier studies about crude oil shipments. Theory about ship movements and attached freight rates (RP Rule) gets indirect support. Non-existence of global data below the Handysize enforces the use of fragmentary data from a refinery company and a world-class port. Both data sets are believed to be representative for the purposes used. Export shipments of the refinery company reveal a linear non-logarithmic distance function for vessel classes in the 2,000–67,000 dwt range. The function is practically identical with oil product exports from the said port. The thinking is then extended to larger vessel sizes and crude oil cargoes, the principle of fungibility.
subject: Research Papers
  topic: section
subject: geographical market
  topic: keywords
subject: Neste Oil
  topic: keywords
subject: product tankers
  topic: keywords
subject: TCE
  topic: keywords
subject: trades
  topic: keywords
subject: transport geography
  topic: disciplines
creator: Risto Laulajainen
rights: Copyright (c) 2014 Fennia - International Journal of Geography
date: 2011-09-13
publication date: 2011-09-13
starting page: 1
ending page: 19

Humboldt, Granö and Geo-poetics of the Altai
type: item
description: <!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <w:WordDocument> <w:View>Normal</w:View> <w:Zoom>0</w:Zoom> <w:HyphenationZone>21</w:HyphenationZone> <w:PunctuationKerning /> <w:ValidateAgainstSchemas /> <w:SaveIfXMLInvalid>false</w:SaveIfXMLInvalid> <w:IgnoreMixedContent>false</w:IgnoreMixedContent> <w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText>false</w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText> <w:Compatibility> <w:BreakWrappedTables /> <w:SnapToGridInCell /> <w:WrapTextWithPunct /> <w:UseAsianBreakRules /> <w:DontGrowAutofit /> </w:Compatibility> <w:BrowserLevel>MicrosoftInternetExplorer4</w:BrowserLevel> </w:WordDocument> </xml><![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <w:LatentStyles DefLockedState="false" LatentStyleCount="156"> </w:LatentStyles> </xml><![endif]--> The Altai region of Siberia has held magnetic appeal for explorers and scientists down the centuries. Two of these explorers, Alexander von Humboldt (1769−1859) and Johannes Gabriel Granö (1882−1956), were especially gifted in yielding both geo-scientific and geo-poetic accounts of their surveys, Granö especially evoking a “geo-poetics” of the Altai, possibly inspired by Humboldt’s American journeys. Though their career trajectories spanned very different periods and circumstances, these two scholars have bequeathed legacies of enduring value − conceptually and substantively − in bridging the worlds of science and humanities and revealing innovative insight into interactions of society and environment. As Humboldt eventually based the principles of his Cosmos on travels made earlier in life, so too Granö would later build on the experiences in Altai to develop his major theoretical work, Reine Geographie (1929). This paper describes the journeys through Altai of Humboldt and Granö, and some discursive strategies used by both writers in yielding dynamic pictures of mountain landscapes and ways of life.
subject: Review Articles
  topic: section
subject: Alexander von Humboldt
  topic: keywords
subject: Johannes Gabriel Granö
  topic: keywords
subject: Altai
  topic: keywords
subject: Siberia
  topic: keywords
subject: geo-poetics
  topic: keywords
subject: Geography
  topic: disciplines
subject: Historical geography
  topic: disciplines
creator: Anne Buttimer
rights: Copyright (c) 2014 Fennia - International Journal of Geography
date: 2010-11-11
publication date: 2010-11-11
starting page: 11
ending page: 36

Mind maps of employment development in Swedish sparse regions
type: item
description: Employment options are forming an essential part of living conditions for individuals and households. In this paper we present how people in Sweden perceive current and future job options. The empirical case is the northern half of the Swedish territory, which is divided into four counties. The analysis is based on data from a questionnaire which was distributed to 4 000 inhabitants aged 15-85 years during October 2008 - January 2009. The ANOTA method is used as analytical instrument. Two categories of determinants behind attitudes to job options in general at the local labor market have been chosen. The first category includes a set of personal attributes, while the second category includes a set of locational characteristics. Further is analyzed how the respondents perceived the specific role of manufacturing industry, service industry and R&D for the development in their county. Also in this part the two categories of determinants are used. The analysis reveals a rather widely spread anxiety about both current and future provision of job options. The most satisfied and optimistic respondents were young, male and high income earners living in coastal municipal with a low unemployment level. There were also some striking differences in views among sub groups on the role of manufacturing industry, service industry and R&D. The biggest contrasts were between manufacturing industry and R&D. The highest share of respondents who regarded manufacturing industry as very important was found among men, over 30 years, with a low education and living in municipalities with a high unemployment level. The highest share of respondents who regarded R&D as very important was found among women, younger than 30 years, highly educated and living in coastal municipalities with a low unemployment level.
subject: Research Papers
  topic: section
subject: Northern Sweden
  topic: keywords
subject: employment
  topic: keywords
subject: ANOTA analysis
  topic: keywords
subject: path dependency
  topic: keywords
subject: manufacturing industry
  topic: keywords
subject: service industry
  topic: keywords
subject: R&D
  topic: keywords
subject: Social and Economic Geography
  topic: disciplines
creator: Ulf Wiberg
creator: Tommy Lind
rights: Copyright (c) 2014 Fennia - International Journal of Geography
date: 2011-09-13
publication date: 2011-09-13
starting page: 32
ending page: 42

Geographical persistence of surface-layer water properties in the Archipelago Sea, SW Finland
type: item
description: <!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <w:WordDocument> <w:View>Normal</w:View> <w:Zoom>0</w:Zoom> <w:TrackMoves /> <w:TrackFormatting /> <w:HyphenationZone>21</w:HyphenationZone> <w:PunctuationKerning /> <w:ValidateAgainstSchemas /> <w:SaveIfXMLInvalid>false</w:SaveIfXMLInvalid> <w:IgnoreMixedContent>false</w:IgnoreMixedContent> <w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText>false</w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText> <w:DoNotPromoteQF /> <w:LidThemeOther>FI</w:LidThemeOther> <w:LidThemeAsian>X-NONE</w:LidThemeAsian> <w:LidThemeComplexScript>X-NONE</w:LidThemeComplexScript> <w:Compatibility> <w:BreakWrappedTables /> <w:SnapToGridInCell /> <w:WrapTextWithPunct /> <w:UseAsianBreakRules /> <w:DontGrowAutofit /> <w:SplitPgBreakAndParaMark /> <w:DontVertAlignCellWithSp /> <w:DontBreakConstrainedForcedTables /> <w:DontVertAlignInTxbx /> <w:Word11KerningPairs /> <w:CachedColBalance /> </w:Compatibility> <w:BrowserLevel>MicrosoftInternetExplorer4</w:BrowserLevel> <m:mathPr> <m:mathFont m:val="Cambria Math" /> <m:brkBin m:val="before" /> <m:brkBinSub m:val=" " /> <m:smallFrac m:val="off" /> <m:dispDef /> <m:lMargin m:val="0" /> <m:rMargin m:val="0" /> <m:defJc m:val="centerGroup" /> <m:wrapIndent m:val="1440" /> <m:intLim m:val="subSup" /> <m:naryLim m:val="undOvr" /> </m:mathPr></w:WordDocument> </xml><![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <w:LatentStyles DefLockedState="false" DefUnhideWhenUsed="true" DefSemiHidden="true" DefQFormat="false" DefPriority="99" LatentStyleCount="267"> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="0" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Normal" /> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="heading 1" /> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 2" /> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 3" /> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 4" /> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="h…
subject: Research Papers
  topic: section
subject: Water quality
  topic: keywords
subject: Monitoring
  topic: keywords
subject: Persistence
  topic: keywords
subject: Gradient
  topic: keywords
subject: Physical geography
  topic: disciplines
subject: Coastal geography
  topic: disciplines
creator: Tapio Suominen
creator: Harri Tolvanen
creator: Risto Kalliola
rights: Copyright (c) 2014 Fennia - International Journal of Geography
date: 2010-11-25
publication date: 2010-11-25
starting page: 179
ending page: 196

Mapping the forbidden
type: item
description: <!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <o:OfficeDocumentSettings> <o:AllowPNG /> <o:PixelsPerInch>72</o:PixelsPerInch> <o:TargetScreenSize>1024x768</o:TargetScreenSize> </o:OfficeDocumentSettings> </xml><![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <w:WordDocument> <w:View>Normal</w:View> <w:Zoom>0</w:Zoom> <w:HyphenationZone>21</w:HyphenationZone> <w:Compatibility> <w:BreakWrappedTables /> <w:SnapToGridInCell /> <w:WrapTextWithPunct /> <w:UseAsianBreakRules /> </w:Compatibility> <w:DoNotOptimizeForBrowser /> </w:WordDocument> </xml><![endif]--> <!-- /* Font Definitions */ @font-face {font-family:Cambria; panose-1:2 4 5 3 5 4 6 3 2 4; mso-font-charset:0; mso-generic-font-family:roman; mso-font-pitch:variable; mso-font-signature:-1610611985 1073741899 0 0 159 0;} /* Style Definitions */ p.MsoNormal, li.MsoNormal, div.MsoNormal {mso-style-parent:""; margin-top:0cm; margin-right:0cm; margin-bottom:10.0pt; margin-left:0cm; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-size:12.0pt; font-family:Cambria; mso-fareast-font-family:Cambria; mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-ansi-language:EN-US; mso-fareast-language:EN-US;} @page Section1 {size:612.0pt 792.0pt; margin:70.85pt 2.0cm 70.85pt 2.0cm; mso-header-margin:35.4pt; mso-footer-margin:35.4pt; mso-paper-source:0;} div.Section1 {page:Section1;} --> <!--[if gte mso 10]> <![endif]--> Mapping the forbidden is in itself forbidden. And in my understanding the most forbidden of everything forbidden is that which refuses to be categorized, that which is neither this nor that, ungraspable forces which do not sit still but hop capriciously about. Aristotle consequently knew what he did, when he between the two concepts of identity and difference inserted a third position called “the excluded middle”, a non-bridgeable gap which in the same figure unites and separates, liberates and imprisons; an unruly space located beyond the realm of conventional reason; a no man’s land of liminality which the well behaved must never enter. But Aristotle also argued that wh…
subject: Review Articles
  topic: section
subject:
  topic: subjects
subject: Human geography
  topic: disciplines
creator: Gunnar Olsson
rights: Copyright (c) 2014 Fennia - International Journal of Geography
date: 2010-11-11
publication date: 2010-11-11
starting page: 3
ending page: 10

Resorts, second home owners and distance: a case study in northern Finland
type: item
description: One of the most important factors for the site selection of a second home is the space-time dimension. For example, the popularity of second home tourism in the hinterland of population centres is based on the short distance between second homes and the permanent residence of second home owners. In the case of peripheral resorts, however, the main reason for a large number of second homes is the attractiveness of the area associated with a high level of touristic elements. The study examines the municipalities of residence of the second home owners in four large resorts – Levi, Ruka, Saariselkä and Ylläs – in northern Finland. After analysing the geographical distribution of the owners with maps and diagrams the aim of the paper is to present a distance model for the resorts located in a northern periphery from the viewpoint of the regions of destination. This perspective is important in assessing the overall attractiveness of the resorts as a second home tourism environment. Generally speaking, the model resembles a U-letter. In this respect, the resorts have three zones – day trip, weekend and vacation – and each of them has their own characteristics based on the number of population (potential owners), land ownership, regional structure and accessibility.
subject: Research Papers
  topic: section
subject: Northern Finland
  topic: keywords
subject: Second home tourism
  topic: keywords
subject: Distance analysis
  topic: keywords
subject: Resorts
  topic: keywords
subject: Second home owners
  topic: keywords
subject: Distance zones
  topic: keywords
subject: Geography
  topic: disciplines
subject: Tourism Geography
  topic: disciplines
creator: Pekka Kauppila
rights: Copyright (c) 2014 Fennia - International Journal of Geography
date: 2010-11-25
publication date: 2010-11-25
starting page: 163
ending page: 178

Restructuring and risk-reduction in mining: employment implications for northern Sweden
type: item
description: <!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <w:WordDocument> <w:View>Normal</w:View> <w:Zoom>0</w:Zoom> <w:TrackMoves /> <w:TrackFormatting /> <w:HyphenationZone>21</w:HyphenationZone> <w:PunctuationKerning /> <w:ValidateAgainstSchemas /> <w:SaveIfXMLInvalid>false</w:SaveIfXMLInvalid> <w:IgnoreMixedContent>false</w:IgnoreMixedContent> <w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText>false</w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText> <w:DoNotPromoteQF /> <w:LidThemeOther>FI</w:LidThemeOther> <w:LidThemeAsian>ZH-CN</w:LidThemeAsian> <w:LidThemeComplexScript>X-NONE</w:LidThemeComplexScript> <w:Compatibility> <w:BreakWrappedTables /> <w:SnapToGridInCell /> <w:WrapTextWithPunct /> <w:UseAsianBreakRules /> <w:DontGrowAutofit /> <w:SplitPgBreakAndParaMark /> <w:DontVertAlignCellWithSp /> <w:DontBreakConstrainedForcedTables /> <w:DontVertAlignInTxbx /> <w:Word11KerningPairs /> <w:CachedColBalance /> <w:UseFELayout /> </w:Compatibility> <w:BrowserLevel>MicrosoftInternetExplorer4</w:BrowserLevel> <m:mathPr> <m:mathFont m:val="Cambria Math" /> <m:brkBin m:val="before" /> <m:brkBinSub m:val="--" /> <m:smallFrac m:val="off" /> <m:dispDef /> <m:lMargin m:val="0" /> <m:rMargin m:val="0" /> <m:defJc m:val="centerGroup" /> <m:wrapIndent m:val="1440" /> <m:intLim m:val="subSup" /> <m:naryLim m:val="undOvr" /> </m:mathPr></w:WordDocument> </xml><![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <w:LatentStyles DefLockedState="false" DefUnhideWhenUsed="true" DefSemiHidden="true" DefQFormat="false" DefPriority="99" LatentStyleCount="267"> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="0" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Normal" /> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="heading 1" /> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 2" /> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 3" /> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 4" /> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFor…
subject: Research Papers
  topic: section
subject: Employment
  topic: keywords
subject: Mining
  topic: keywords
subject: Resource based communities
  topic: keywords
subject: Restructuring
  topic: keywords
subject: Sweden
  topic: keywords
subject: Economic Geography
  topic: disciplines
subject: Geography
  topic: disciplines
subject: Human Geography
  topic: disciplines
creator: Erika Anna Knobblock
creator: Örjan Pettersson
rights: Copyright (c) 2014 Fennia - International Journal of Geography
date: 2010-11-11
publication date: 2010-11-11
starting page: 61
ending page: 75

Two fires and two landscapes - a tale of two cities
type: item
description: In December 2002, fires ravaged parts of the historic city centres of Trondheim, Norway, and Edinburgh, Scotland. Six years later, the fire site in Trondheim had been redeveloped while a gaping hole remained in Edinburgh. In 2003, the events surrounding the fires, the affected historical landscapes, and the planning and redevelopment processes were studied. Through guided field visits and qualitative interviews with planners, architects and representatives of interest organizations, expectations concerning possible outcomes from redevelopment were gauged. The present article aims to assess the results of these studies in the light of the actual outcomes. Preconditions governing building development include physical factors such as availability of vacant land and institutional factors such as property ownership and planning regulations. Catastrophic fires can result in occupied land becoming unexpectedly vacant. This gives developers, architects and planners scope to shape the new urban landscape on the fire site by implementing ideas that accord with prevailing planning ideologies. Present planning is characterized by tension between dialogic ideals of communicative planning theory and neo-liberal realities of new public management. Debates in the two cities after the fires illustrated tension between expectations related to the desire to save or re-create features reflecting the historical landscape or to create something new. Cooperation among the site owners allowed rapid redevelopment in Trondheim, whereas lack of a common front among owners contributed to delay in redeveloping the Edinburgh site. Complexities of land tenure appear also to have caused delay in Edinburgh. In both cities the planning process showed more features of new public management than communicative planning theory, although the Edinburgh case indicates that new public management cannot always guarantee rapid and efficient redevelopment. In addition to the architect’s role, development and c…
subject: Research Papers
  topic: section
subject: Trondheim
  topic: keywords
subject: Edinburgh
  topic: keywords
subject: fires
  topic: keywords
subject: planning
  topic: keywords
subject: document analysis
  topic: keywords
subject: interviews
  topic: keywords
subject: Human Geography
  topic: disciplines
creator: Michael Jones
rights: Copyright (c) 2014 Fennia - International Journal of Geography
date: 2010-11-11
publication date: 2010-11-11
starting page: 123
ending page: 136

Temporary geographies of the city: the experienced spaces of asylum seekers in the City of Turku, Finland
type: item
description: <!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <w:WordDocument> <w:View>Normal</w:View> <w:Zoom>0</w:Zoom> <w:PunctuationKerning /> <w:ValidateAgainstSchemas /> <w:SaveIfXMLInvalid>false</w:SaveIfXMLInvalid> <w:IgnoreMixedContent>false</w:IgnoreMixedContent> <w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText>false</w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText> <w:Compatibility> <w:BreakWrappedTables /> <w:SnapToGridInCell /> <w:WrapTextWithPunct /> <w:UseAsianBreakRules /> <w:DontGrowAutofit /> </w:Compatibility> <w:BrowserLevel>MicrosoftInternetExplorer4</w:BrowserLevel> </w:WordDocument> </xml><![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <w:LatentStyles DefLockedState="false" LatentStyleCount="156"> </w:LatentStyles> </xml><![endif]--><!--[if !mso]> <![endif]--> <!-- /* Style Definitions */ p.MsoNormal, li.MsoNormal, div.MsoNormal {mso-style-parent:""; margin:0cm; margin-bottom:.0001pt; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; mso-hyphenate:none; font-size:12.0pt; font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language:AR-SA;} @page Section1 {size:612.0pt 792.0pt; margin:72.0pt 90.0pt 72.0pt 90.0pt; mso-header-margin:36.0pt; mso-footer-margin:36.0pt; mso-paper-source:0;} div.Section1 {page:Section1;} --> <!--[if gte mso 10]> <![endif]--> Temporarity has a significant role in today’s urban spaces and peoples’ experiences of them. The city is often understood through stable material structures, while less attention is paid to such aspects of urban space that are there only for limited time. Such are markets, events, manifestations and construction sites, for instance. Experiences of momentarity may be related to these kinds of elements of the city, but equally to personal feelings of not belonging to the city. In this paper we discuss, firstly, temporary geographies and their importance in today’s urban studies. Debates on relational spaces and moving geographies have directed attention towards the temporary aspects of urban spaces. Temporarity itself has mostly been discussed in relation to urban planning …
subject: Research Papers
  topic: section
subject: Temporary geographies
  topic: keywords
subject: Cities
  topic: keywords
subject: Experiences
  topic: keywords
subject: Asylum seekers
  topic: keywords
subject: human geography
  topic: disciplines
creator: Päivi Kymäläinen
creator: Paulina Nordström
rights: Copyright (c) 2014 Fennia - International Journal of Geography
date: 2010-11-11
publication date: 2010-11-11
starting page: 76
ending page: 90

Indigenous Toponyms as Pedagogical Tools: Reflections from Research with Tl’azt’en Nation, British Columbia
type: item
description: <!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <w:WordDocument> <w:View>Normal</w:View> <w:Zoom>0</w:Zoom> <w:TrackMoves /> <w:TrackFormatting /> <w:HyphenationZone>21</w:HyphenationZone> <w:PunctuationKerning /> <w:ValidateAgainstSchemas /> <w:SaveIfXMLInvalid>false</w:SaveIfXMLInvalid> <w:IgnoreMixedContent>false</w:IgnoreMixedContent> <w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText>false</w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText> <w:DoNotPromoteQF /> <w:LidThemeOther>FI</w:LidThemeOther> <w:LidThemeAsian>ZH-CN</w:LidThemeAsian> <w:LidThemeComplexScript>X-NONE</w:LidThemeComplexScript> <w:Compatibility> <w:BreakWrappedTables /> <w:SnapToGridInCell /> <w:WrapTextWithPunct /> <w:UseAsianBreakRules /> <w:DontGrowAutofit /> <w:SplitPgBreakAndParaMark /> <w:DontVertAlignCellWithSp /> <w:DontBreakConstrainedForcedTables /> <w:DontVertAlignInTxbx /> <w:Word11KerningPairs /> <w:CachedColBalance /> <w:UseFELayout /> </w:Compatibility> <w:BrowserLevel>MicrosoftInternetExplorer4</w:BrowserLevel> <m:mathPr> <m:mathFont m:val="Cambria Math" /> <m:brkBin m:val="before" /> <m:brkBinSub m:val="--" /> <m:smallFrac m:val="off" /> <m:dispDef /> <m:lMargin m:val="0" /> <m:rMargin m:val="0" /> <m:defJc m:val="centerGroup" /> <m:wrapIndent m:val="1440" /> <m:intLim m:val="subSup" /> <m:naryLim m:val="undOvr" /> </m:mathPr></w:WordDocument> </xml><![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <w:LatentStyles DefLockedState="false" DefUnhideWhenUsed="true" DefSemiHidden="true" DefQFormat="false" DefPriority="99" LatentStyleCount="267"> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="0" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Normal" /> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="heading 1" /> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 2" /> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 3" /> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 4" /> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFor…
subject: Research Papers
  topic: section
subject: British Columbia
  topic: keywords
subject: toponymy
  topic: keywords
subject: First Nations
  topic: keywords
subject: indigenous
  topic: keywords
subject: participatory research
  topic: keywords
subject: culturally sensitive education
  topic: keywords
subject: Human Geography
  topic: disciplines
subject: Cultural Geography
  topic: disciplines
creator: Karen Heikkilä
creator: Gail Fondahl
rights: Copyright (c) 2014 Fennia - International Journal of Geography
date: 2010-11-11
publication date: 2010-11-11
starting page: 105
ending page: 122

Theoretical reflection on the making of the Alpine region. The role of transnational networks on regional identity and institutionalization.
type: item
description: <!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <w:WordDocument> <w:View>Normal</w:View> <w:Zoom>0</w:Zoom> <w:TrackMoves /> <w:TrackFormatting /> <w:HyphenationZone>21</w:HyphenationZone> <w:PunctuationKerning /> <w:ValidateAgainstSchemas /> <w:SaveIfXMLInvalid>false</w:SaveIfXMLInvalid> <w:IgnoreMixedContent>false</w:IgnoreMixedContent> <w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText>false</w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText> <w:DoNotPromoteQF /> <w:LidThemeOther>FR-CH</w:LidThemeOther> <w:LidThemeAsian>X-NONE</w:LidThemeAsian> <w:LidThemeComplexScript>X-NONE</w:LidThemeComplexScript> <w:Compatibility> <w:BreakWrappedTables /> <w:SnapToGridInCell /> <w:WrapTextWithPunct /> <w:UseAsianBreakRules /> <w:DontGrowAutofit /> <w:SplitPgBreakAndParaMark /> <w:DontVertAlignCellWithSp /> <w:DontBreakConstrainedForcedTables /> <w:DontVertAlignInTxbx /> <w:Word11KerningPairs /> <w:CachedColBalance /> </w:Compatibility> <m:mathPr> <m:mathFont m:val="Cambria Math" /> <m:brkBin m:val="before" /> <m:brkBinSub m:val="--" /> <m:smallFrac m:val="off" /> <m:dispDef /> <m:lMargin m:val="0" /> <m:rMargin m:val="0" /> <m:defJc m:val="centerGroup" /> <m:wrapIndent m:val="1440" /> <m:intLim m:val="subSup" /> <m:naryLim m:val="undOvr" /> </m:mathPr></w:WordDocument> </xml><![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <w:LatentStyles DefLockedState="false" DefUnhideWhenUsed="true" DefSemiHidden="true" DefQFormat="false" DefPriority="99" LatentStyleCount="267"> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="0" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Normal" /> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="heading 1" /> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 2" /> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 3" /> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 4" /> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 5" /> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9"…
subject: Research Papers
  topic: section
subject: Identity
  topic: keywords
subject: Regional identity
  topic: keywords
subject: Institutionalization of regions
  topic: keywords
subject: Cross-border regions
  topic: keywords
subject: Alps
  topic: keywords
subject: Belonging
  topic: keywords
subject: Social image
  topic: keywords
subject: Identitfication
  topic: keywords
subject: Transnational networks
  topic: keywords
subject: Regional governance
  topic: keywords
subject: Human Geography
  topic: disciplines
creator: Cristina Del Biaggio
rights: Copyright (c) 2014 Fennia - International Journal of Geography
date: 2010-11-11
publication date: 2010-11-11
starting page: 137
ending page: 148

Making sense of place: exploring creative and (inter)active research methods with young people
type: item
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subject: Research Papers
  topic: section
subject: Canada
  topic: keywords
subject: visual/(inter)active/creative research methods
  topic: keywords
subject: children/youth geographies
  topic: keywords
subject: participatory research
  topic: keywords
subject: place experiences
  topic: keywords
subject: everyday life
  topic: keywords
subject: Cultural Geography
  topic: disciplines
creator: Elen-Maarja Trell
creator: Bettina van Hoven
rights: Copyright (c) 2014 Fennia - International Journal of Geography
date: 2010-11-11
publication date: 2010-11-11
starting page: 91
ending page: 104