Deep-weathering in Sweden

Abstract

In Sweden the following types of deep‑weathering can be distinguished: complete formation of kaolinite, less complete chemical weathering, granular weathering, and fracturing into angular blocks. Soft ores present a special case. These types of weathering either represent different parts of a pre­-Pleistocene regolith or the effect of different climates. Most of the regolith was removed by glacial erosion during the Pleistocene. The lower part remains in areas where this erosion was less intense. Along faults and frac­ture zones, weathering reaches to a much deeper level and also the upper parts remain preserved. It is suggested that weathering is of greater signifi­cance in forming the present‑day landscape whereas, contrary to popular belief, glacial erosion is less important.